Prevalence, risk factors, and antimicrobial susceptibility of Pasteurella multocida and Mannheimia hemolytica: Insights from Jigjiga, Ethiopia.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70347/svsthya.v2i6.124Keywords:
Respiratory disease, antimicrobial resistance, Pasteurellosis, Epidemiology, risk factors, EthiopiaAbstract
Pasteurellosis pneumonia caused by Mannheimia hemolytica and Pasteurella multocida causes significant economic losses in sheep production and has zoonotic potential. However, epidemiological and antimicrobial resistance data from the Somali region are still limited. To estimate the prevalence of M. hemolytica and P. multocida, identify associated risk factors, and evaluate the antimicrobial resistance profile of sheep at the Jigjiga slaughterhouse in Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted from March to August 2023 in which 384 sheep lung samples at the Jigjiga slaughterhouse. Bacteriological isolation, biochemical identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed via the disk diffusion method. Data were analyzed via STATA 16.0 with descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The overall prevalence of Pasteurella spp. isolates was 26.8% (95% CI: 22.46-31.55), with M. hemolytica and P. multocida accounting for 19.79% and 7.03%, respectively. Young sheep had a 2.15-fold greater risk (OR=2.15; 95% CI: 1.33–3.48; P=0.002) than adults did. Poor body condition increased the risk by 2.44 times (OR=2.44; 95% CI: 1.18–5.04; P=0.016) compared with moderate body condition. High sensitivity to gentamicin (100% M. hemolytica, 85.71% P. multocida) and kanamycin (97.36% M. hemolytica, 92.85% P. multocida) was detected. High resistance to oxytetracycline (92.10% M. hemolytica, 100% P. multocida), tetracycline (81.52% vs. 92.85%), penicillin-G (86.84% vs. 85.71%), and ampicillin (73.52% vs. 78.57%) was detected. The prevalence of multidrug resistance reached 81.57% in M. hemolytica isolates and 92.85% in P. multocida isolates. The prevalence of Pasteurellosis in sheep in Jigjiga is quite high, with M. hemolytica being the most dominant species. Antimicrobial surveillance programs, integrated control strategies, and molecular characterization of isolates are needed.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Mustafa Ibrahim Ali, Bruk Abraha Fitwi, Shihun Shimelis, Yahia Y. Hassan, Ahmed Abdi Mohomed, Hassan Abdi Arog (Author)
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